Partonomy list P3F, primary language: LA, subsidiary: FR, interface: EN, work in progress

telencephalon

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Top level systema nervosum centrale Short Extended
Level 2 encephalon Short Extended
Current level telencephalon Short
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language
Partonomy list
FMA TA UID ISA
Short official Latin term
Short French equivalent
62000 5264 tax
telencephalon ; cerebrum
télencéphale ; cerveau
12095 tax
morphologia externa telencephali
morphologie externe du télencéphale
83727 5976 tax
fissura longitudinalis cerebri
fissure longitudinale du cerveau
61817 5971↓ tax
hemispherium cerebri (par)
hémisphère cérébral (paire)
83874 5973 tax
gyri cerebri (par)
gyrus cérébraux (paire)
327491 5975 tax
sulci cerebri (par)
sillons cérébraux (paire)
84361 5978 tax
fossa lateralis cerebri (par)
fosse cérébrale latérale (paire)
14197 tax
vallecula cerebri (par)
vallécule cérébrale (paire)
75140 5979 tax
margo superior (par)
bord supérieur (paire)
75141 5980 tax
margo inferomedialis (par)
bord inféromédial (paire)
75142 5981 tax
margo inferolateralis (par)
bord inférolatéral (paire)
5982 tax
facies superolateralis (par)
face supérolatérale (paire)
6037 tax
facies inferomedialis (par)
face inféromédiale (paire)
12438 tax
gyri interlobares (par) P4 29 children
gyrus interlobaires (paire)
12439 tax
operculum insulare (par)
opercule insulaire (paire)
74886 5993 tax
operculum frontale (par)
opercule frontal (paire)
74889 6007↓ tax
operculum parietale (par)
opercule pariétal (paire)
74891 6020↓ tax
operculum temporale (par)
opercule temporal (paire)
274737 8666↓ tax
gyrus subcentralis (par)
gyrus subcentral (paire)
77534 6045 tax
lobulus paracentralis (par)
lobule paracentral (paire)
77537 6046 tax
gyrus paracentralis anterior (par)
gyrus paracentral antérieur (paire)
224854 12237 tax
cortex motorius primarius (par)
cortex moteur primaire (paire)
77538 6058 tax
gyrus paracentralis posterior (par)
gyrus paracentral postérieur (paire)
13176 tax
sulci interlobares (par) P4 45 children
sillons interlobaires (paire)
5983 tax
sulci interlobares superolaterales (par)
sillons interlobaires supérolatéraux (paire)
83752 5984 tax
sulcus centralis (par)
sillon central (paire)
77801 5985 tax
sulcus lateralis (par)
sillon latéral (paire)
83761 5986 tax
ramus posterior (par)
rameau postérieur (paire)
83759 5987 tax
ramus ascendens (par)
rameau ascendant (paire)
83760 5988 tax
ramus anterior (par)
rameau antérieur (paire)
83754 5989 tax
sulcus parietooccipitalis (par)
sillon pariétooccipital (paire)
83739 5990 tax
incisura preoccipitalis (par)
incisure préoccipitale (paire)
9115 tax
sulci interlobares inferomediales (par)
sillons interlobaires inféromédiaux (paire)
83743 6038 tax
sulcus corporis callosi (par)
sillon du corps calleux (paire)
83748 6039 tax
sulcus cingularis (par) ; sulcus cinguli (par)
sillon cingulaire (paire) ; sillon de la ceinture (paire)
83773 6040 tax
ramus marginalis (par) ; sulcus marginalis (par)
rameau marginal (paire) ; sillon marginal (paire)
83777 6041 tax
sulcus subparietalis (par)
sillon subpariétal (paire)
83751 6042 tax
sulcus collateralis (par) ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis (par)
sillon collatéral (paire) ; sillon occipitotemporal médial (paire)
83752 5984 tax
sulcus centralis
sillon central
61823 5974 tax
lobi cerebri (par)
lobes cérébraux (paire)
61824 5991 tax
lobus frontalis (par) P4 223 children
lobe frontal (paire)
274359 8658 tax
facies superolateralis (par)
face supérolatérale (paire)
8659↓ tax
sulcus frontomarginalis (par)
sillon frontomarginal (paire)
74885 5992↓ tax
polus frontalis (par)
pôle frontal (paire)
274406 11028 tax
area frontopolaris (par)
aire frontopolaire (paire)
274408 11029 tax
gyrus frontopolaris superior (par)
gyrus frontopolaire supérieur (paire)
274420 11032 tax
gyrus frontopolaris medius (par)
gyrus frontopolaire moyen (paire)
274414 11034 tax
gyrus frontopolaris inferior (par)
gyrus frontopolaire inférieur (paire)
274504 11035 tax
gyrus frontomarginalis (par)
gyrus frontomarginal (paire)
74886 5993 tax
operculum frontale
opercule frontal
61860 5994 tax
gyrus frontalis inferior (par)
gyrus frontal inférieur (paire)
61982 5995 tax
pars orbitalis (par)
partie orbitaire (paire)
61980 5996↓ tax
pars triangularis (par)
partie triangulaire (paire)
11840 tax
sulcus radiatus (par)
sillon radiant (paire)
61981 5997 tax
pars opercularis (par)
partie operculaire (paire)
83758 8780↓ tax
sulcus diagonalis (par)
sillon diagonal (paire)
83757 5998 tax
sulcus frontalis inferior (par)
sillon frontal inférieur (paire)
273103 5999 tax
gyrus frontalis medius (par)
gyrus frontal moyen (paire)
8660 tax
cortex prefrontalis superolateralis (par)
cortex préfrontal supérolatéral (paire)
276189 8661 tax
cortex prefrontalis dorsolateralis (par)
cortex préfrontal dorsolatéral (paire)
276198 8662 tax
cortex prefrontalis ventrolateralis (par)
cortex préfrontal ventrolatéral (paire)
8663↓ tax
cortex premotorius superolateralis (par)
cortex prémoteur supérolatéral (paire)
8664↓ tax
cortex premotorius dorsalis (par)
cortex prémoteur dorsal (paire)
8665↓ tax
cortex premotorius ventralis (par)
cortex prémoteur ventral (paire)
61894 6000 tax
gyrus precentralis (par)
gyrus précentral (paire)
12236 tax
cortex motorius primarius gyri precentralis (par)
cortex moteur primaire du gyrus précentral (paire)
83800 6001 tax
sulcus precentralis (par)
sillon précentral (paire)
83765 8667↓ tax
sulcus subcentralis anterior (par)
sillon subcentral antérieur (paire)
83778 8668↓ tax
sulcus subcentralis posterior (par)
sillon subcentral postérieur (paire)
61857 6002 tax
gyrus frontalis superior (par)
gyrus frontal supérieur (paire)
83755 6003 tax
sulcus frontalis superior (par)
sillon frontal supérieur (paire)
274366 9118 tax
facies inferomedialis (par)
face inféromédiale (paire)
61857 6002 tax
gyrus frontalis superior
gyrus frontal supérieur
12158↓ tax
sulcus paracingularis (par)
sillon paracingulaire (paire)
12159↓ tax
gyrus paracingularis (par)
gyrus paracingulaire (paire)
83782 6044 tax
sulcus paracentralis (par)
sillon paracentral (paire)
77534 6045 tax
lobulus paracentralis
lobule paracentral
77537 6046 tax
gyrus paracentralis anterior
gyrus paracentral antérieur
224854 12237 tax
cortex motorius primarius
cortex moteur primaire
8669 tax
cortex prefrontalis inferomedialis (par)
cortex préfrontal inféromédial (paire)
8670 tax
cortex prefrontalis medialis (par)
cortex préfrontal médial (paire)
8671↓ tax
cortex premotorius inferomedialis (par)
cortex prémoteur inféromédial (paire)
8672↓ tax
cortex premotorius medialis (par)
cortex prémoteur médial (paire)
61890 6047 tax
area subcallosa (par) ; gyrus subcallosus (par)
aire subcalleuse (paire) ; gyrus subcalleux (paire)
61919 6048 tax
gyrus paraterminalis (par)
gyrus paraterminal (paire)
61890 6049 tax
area paraolfactoria (par)
aire paraolfactive (paire)
72019 6050 tax
gyrus paraolfactorius (par)
gyrus paraolfactif (paire)
6051 tax
sulci paraolfactorii (par)
sillons paraolfactifs (paire)
83744 8673 tax
sulcus paraolfactorius anterior (par)
sillon paraolfactif antérieur (paire)
83745 8674 tax
sulcus paraolfactorius posterior (par)
sillon paraolfactif postérieur (paire)
256194 6052↓ tax
gyri orbitales (par)
gyrus orbitaires (paire)
62419 8675↓ tax
gyrus orbitalis medialis (par)
gyrus orbitaire médial (paire)
256196 8676↓ tax
gyrus orbitalis anterior (par)
gyrus orbitaire antérieur (paire)
80184 8677↓ tax
gyrus orbitalis posterior (par)
gyrus orbitaire postérieur (paire)
62418 8678↓ tax
gyrus orbitalis lateralis (par)
gyrus orbitaire latéral (paire)
12160↓ tax
lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis (par)
lobule orbitaire postéromédial (paire)
12161↓ tax
regio orbitalis posterolateralis (par)
région orbitaire postérolatérale (paire)
83770 6053↓ tax
sulci orbitales (par)
sillons orbitaires (paire)
8679↓ tax
sulcus orbitalis lateralis (par)
sillon orbitaire latéral (paire)
83771 8680↓ tax
sulcus orbitalis transversus (par)
sillon orbitaire transverse (paire)
8681↓ tax
sulcus orbitalis medialis (par)
sillon orbitaire médial (paire)
12162↓ tax
sulcus rostralis superior (par)
sillon rostral supérieur (paire)
12163↓ tax
sulcus rostralis inferior (par)
sillon rostral inférieur (paire)
61893 6054 tax
gyrus rectus (par)
gyrus droit (paire)
83769 6055 tax
sulcus olfactorius (par)
sillon olfactif (paire)
61891 8682 tax
substantia perforata anterior (par) ; substantia perforata rostralis (par)
substance perforée antérieure (paire) ; substance perforée rostrale (paire)
8683 tax
structurae olfactoriae (par)
structures olfactives (paire)
77624 6195 tax
bulbus olfactorius (par)
bulbe olfactif (paire)
77625 6196 tax
pedunculus olfactorius (par)
pédoncule olfactif (paire)
77626 6197 tax
tractus olfactorius
voie olfactive
74883 6198 tax
trigonum olfactorium (par)
trigone olfactif (paire)
61891 6199 tax
tuberculum olfactorium
tubercule olfactif
323281 6200 tax
striae olfactoriae (par)
stries olfactives (paire)
77627 6201 tax
stria olfactoria medialis (par)
strie olfactive médiale (paire)
61971 6202 tax
stria olfactoria lateralis (par)
strie olfactive latérale (paire)
77626 6197 tax
tractus olfactorius
voie olfactive
323108 8686↓ tax
regio retrobulbaris (par)
région rétrobulbaire (paire)
62484 8687 tax
cortex piriformis (par) ; cortex olfactorius primarius (par)
cortex piriforme (paire) ; cortex olfactif primaire (paire)
8689 tax
pars frontalis (par)
partie frontale (paire)
8690 tax
pars temporalis (par)
partie temporale (paire)
61826 6004 tax
lobus parietalis (par) P4 50 children
lobe pariétal (paire)
8698 tax
facies superolateralis (par)
face supérolatérale (paire)
61896 6009 tax
gyrus postcentralis (par)
gyrus postcentral (paire)
12238 tax
cortex somatosensorius primarius gyri postcentralis (par)
cortex somatosensoriel primaire du gyrus postcentral (paire)
83774 6010 tax
sulcus postcentralis (par)
sillon postcentral (paire)
61899 6011↓ tax
lobulus parietalis superior (par)
lobule pariétal supérieur (paire)
83772 6008↓ tax
sulcus intraparietalis (par)
sillon intrapariétal (paire)
8781↓ tax
sulcus intermedius primus (par) ; sulcus intermedius anterior (par)
premier sillon intermédiaire (paire); sillon intermédiaire antérieur (paire)
8782↓ tax
sulcus intermedius secundus (par) ; sulcus intermedius posterior (par)
deuxième sillon intermédiaire (paire); sillon intermédiaire postérieur (paire)
9122↓ tax
sulcus parietalis transversus
sillon pariétal transverse
77536 6006↓ tax
lobulus parietalis inferior (par)
lobule pariétal inférieur (paire)
61898 6005↓ tax
gyrus angularis (par)
gyrus angulaire (paire)
74889 6007↓ tax
operculum parietale
opercule pariétal
61897 6012↓ tax
gyrus supramarginalis (par)
gyrus supramarginal (paire)
9120 tax
facies inferomedialis (par)
face inféromédiale (paire)
77534 6045 tax
lobulus paracentralis
lobule paracentral
77538 6058 tax
gyrus paracentralis posterior
gyrus paracentral postérieur
12239 tax
cortex somatosensorius primarius gyri paracentralis posterioris
cortex somatosensoriel primaire du gyrus paracentral postérieur
9122↓ tax
sulcus parietalis transversus (par)
sillon pariétal transverse (paire)
61900 6059 tax
precuneus (par)
précunéus (paire)
83777 6041 tax
sulcus subparietalis
sillon subpariétal
67325 6013 tax
lobus occipitalis (par) P4 55 children
lobe occipital (paire)
8700 tax
facies superolateralis (par)
face supérolatérale (paire)
74892 6014 tax
polus occipitalis (par)
pôle occipital (paire)
83788 6015 tax
sulcus lunatus (par)
sillon lunaire (paire)
83786 6016 tax
sulcus occipitalis transversus (par)
sillon occipital transverse (paire)
61901 8701 tax
gyrus occipitalis superior (par)
gyrus occipital supérieur (paire)
61902 8702 tax
gyrus occipitalis medius (par)
gyrus occipital moyen (paire)
273129 8703 tax
gyrus occipitalis inferior (par)
gyrus occipital inférieur (paire)
274557 8691 tax
gyrus occipitalis descendens (par)
gyrus occipital descendant (paire)
8692 tax
area striata superolateralis (par)
aire striée supérolatérale (paire)
9119 tax
cortex visualis primarius ; area striata
cortex visuel primaire ; aire striée
8784 tax
area extrastriata superolateralis (par)
aire extrastriée supérolatérale (paire)
9125 tax
facies inferomedialis (par)
face inféromédiale (paire)
61903 6060 tax
cuneus (par)
cunéus (paire)
83749 6061 tax
sulcus calcarinus (par)
sillon calcarin (paire) ; scissure calcarine (paire)
61904 6062 tax
gyrus lingualis (par) ; gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis (par)
gyrus lingual (paire) ; gyrus occipitotemporal médial (paire)
74518 6065 tax
sulcus occipitotemporalis (par) ; sulcus occipitotemporalis lateralis (par)
sillon occipitotemporal (paire) ; sillon occipitotemporal latéral (paire)
8704 tax
area striata inferomedialis (par)
aire striée inféromédiale (paire)
9119 tax
cortex visualis primarius ; area striata
cortex visuel primaire ; aire striée
8709 tax
area extrastriata inferomedialis (par)
aire extrastriée inféromédiale (paire)
61825 6017 tax
lobus temporalis (par) P4 82 children
lobe temporal (paire)
8705 tax
facies superolateralis (par)
face supérolatérale (paire)
74890 6018 tax
polus temporalis (par)
pôle temporal (paire)
61905 6019↓ tax
gyrus temporalis superior (par)
gyrus temporal supérieur (paire)
70701 8706↓ tax
pars anterior (par) ; cortex auditorius secundarius (par)
partie antérieure (paire) ; cortex auditif secondaire (paire)
70703 8708↓ tax
pars posterior (par)
partie postérieure (paire)
74891 6020↓ tax
operculum temporale
opercule temporal
71043 8710 tax
planum polare (par)
plan polaire (paire)
273671 6021↓ tax
gyri temporales transversi (par)
gyrus temporaux transverses (paire)
272953 12252 tax
cortex auditorius primarius (par)
cortex auditif primaire (paire)
61909 6022 tax
gyrus temporalis transversus anterior (par)
gyrus temporal transverse antérieur (paire)
61910 6023 tax
gyrus temporalis transversus posterior (par)
gyrus temporal transverse postérieur (paire)
71045 6024↓ tax
planum temporale (par)
planum temporale (paire); plan temporal (paire)
83782 6025 tax
sulci temporales transversi (par)
sillons temporaux transverses (paire)
8711 tax
sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (par)
sillon temporal transverse antérieur (paire)
8712 tax
sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (par)
sillon temporal transverse intermédiaire (paire)
8713 tax
sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (par)
sillon temporal transverse postérieur (paire)
83783 6026 tax
sulcus temporalis superior (par)
sillon temporal supérieur (paire)
61906 6027 tax
gyrus temporalis medius (par)
gyrus temporal moyen (paire)
83784 6028 tax
sulcus temporalis inferior (par)
sillon temporal inférieur (paire)
61907 6029↓ tax
gyrus temporalis inferior (par)
gyrus temporal inférieur (paire)
9129 tax
facies inferomedialis (par)
face inféromédiale (paire)
61907 6029↓ tax
gyrus temporalis inferior
gyrus temporal inférieur
74518 6065 tax
sulcus occipitotemporalis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis lateralis
sillon occipitotemporal ; sillon occipitotemporal latéral
61908 6063 tax
gyrus fusiformis (par) ; gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis (par)
gyrus fusiforme (paire) ; gyrus occipitotemporal latéral (paire)
12164 tax
pars medialis gyri fusiformis (par)
partie médiale du gyrus fusiforme (paire)
12165 tax
pars lateralis gyri fusiformis (par)
partie latérale du gyrus fusiforme (paire)
68633 8714↓ tax
cortex ectorhinalis (par)
cortex ectorhinal (paire)
12166 tax
sulcus fusiformis medius (par)
sillon fusiforme moyen (paire)
83751 6042 tax
sulcus collateralis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis
sillon collatéral ; sillon occipitotemporal médial
61918 6070 tax
gyrus parahippocampalis
gyrus parahippocampique
67329 6030↓ tax
insula (par) P4 44 children
îlot (paire)
274526 6031 tax
gyri insulae (par)
gyrus du îlot (paire) ; gyrus insulaires (paire)
67555 6032 tax
gyri longi insulae (par)
gyrus longs du îlot (paire)
274723 11498 tax
gyrus longus anterior insulae (par)
gyrus long antérieur du îlot (paire)
274729 11508 tax
gyrus longus posterior insulae (par)
gyrus long postérieur du îlot (paire)
61913 6033 tax
gyri breves insulae (par)
gyrus courts du îlot (paire)
274705 11509 tax
gyrus brevis anterior insulae (par)
gyrus court antérieur du îlot (paire)
274711 11510 tax
gyrus brevis medius insulae (par)
gyrus court moyen du îlot (paire)
274717 11511 tax
gyrus brevis posterior insulae (par)
gyrus court postérieur du îlot (paire)
12167 tax
gyrus transversus insulae (par)
gyrus transverse du îlot (paire)
61915 11513 tax
gyrus accessorius anterior insulae (par)
gyrus accessoire antérieur du îlot (paire)
83753 6035 tax
sulcus circularis insulae (par) ; sulcus periinsularis (par)
sillon circulaire du îlot (paire) ; sillon périinsulaire (paire)
83779 6034 tax
sulcus centralis superior insulae (par)
sillon central supérieur du îlot (paire)
75266 6036 tax
limen insulae (par)
limen du îlot (paire)
9241 tax
regio peripaleocorticalis claustralis (par)
région péripaléocorticale claustrale (paire)
72719 6066 tax
lobus limbicus (par) P4 137 children
lobe limbique (paire)
275048 8717 tax
gyrus limbicus (par)
gyrus limbique (paire)
61890 6047 tax
area subcallosa ; gyrus subcallosus
aire subcalleuse ; gyrus subcalleux
62434 6067↓ tax
gyrus cingularis (par)
gyrus cingulaire (paire) ; gyrus de la ceinture (paire)
61916 8718 tax
pars anterior (par)
partie antérieure (paire)
276530 8720 tax
pars media (par)
partie moyenne (paire)
61924 8726 tax
pars posterior (par)
partie postérieure (paire)
9433↓ tax
cortex retrosplenialis
cortex rétrosplénial
62502 6068 tax
isthmus gyri cingularis (par)
isthme du gyrus cingulaire (paire)
61918 6070 tax
gyrus parahippocampalis (par)
gyrus parahippocampique (paire)
72356 8740↓ tax
cortex entorhinalis (par)
cortex entorhinal (paire)
8741 tax
substantia reticularis alba (par)
matière blanche réticulaire (paire)
8742↓ tax
verrucae hippocampi (par)
verrues hippocampiques (paire)
8719↓ tax
cortex perirhinalis (par)
cortex périrhinal (paire)
9432 tax
subregio transentorhinalis (par)
subrégion transentorhinale (paire)
74884 6071↓ tax
uncus (par)
uncus (paire)
8734↓ tax
gyrus ambiens (par)
gyrus ambiens (paire)
8735↓ tax
sulcus semianularis (par)
sillon semianulaire (paire)
8736↓ tax
gyrus semilunaris (par)
gyrus semilunaire (paire)
8737↓ tax
gyrus uncinatus (par)
gyrus unciforme (paire)
8738↓ tax
limbus fasciae dentatae (par)
limbe du fascia denté (paire); limbe du gyrus denté (paire)
275054 8739↓ tax
gyrus intralimbicus (par)
gyrus intralimbique (paire)
83751 6042 tax
sulcus collateralis ; sulcus occipitotemporalis medialis
sillon collatéral ; sillon occipitotemporal médial
83746 6076 tax
sulcus rhinalis (par)
sillon rhinal (paire)
8756↓ tax
sulcus intrarhinalis (par)
sillon intrarhinal (paire)
12155↓ tax
regio periamygdaloidea (par)
région périamygdaloïde (paire)
74038 8721 tax
formatio hippocampi (par)
formation hippocampique (paire)
277774 8722 tax
pars precommissuralis hippocampi (par)
partie précommissurale de l'hippocampe (paire)
8723 tax
pars supracommissuralis hippocampi (par)
partie supracommissurale de l'hippocampe (paire)
62439 6083 tax
stria longitudinalis lateralis (par)
strie longitudinale latérale (paire)
62488 6082 tax
indusium griseum (par)
indusium gris (paire)
67956 6084 tax
stria longitudinalis medialis (par)
strie longitudinale médiale (paire)
277777 8724↓ tax
hippocampus proprius (par) ; pars retrocommissuralis hippocampi (par)
hippocampe propre (paire) ; partie rétrocommissurale de l'hippocampe (paire)
12253 tax
divisiones hippocampi proprii (par)
divisions de l'hippocampe propre (paire)
323277 6146 tax
pes hippocampi (par)
pied de l'hippocampe (paire)
6147 tax
digitationes hippocampi (par)
digitations de l'hippocampe (paire)
275036 9275 tax
caput hippocampi (par) ; segmentum anterius hippocampi (par)
tête de l'hippocampe (paire) ; segment antérieur de l'hippocampe (paire)
275030 9278 tax
corpus hippocampi (par) ; segmentum medium hippocampi (par)
corps de l'hippocampe (paire) ; segment moyen de l'hippocampe (paire)
275042 9294 tax
cauda hippocampi (par) ; segmentum posterius hippocampi (par)
queue de l'hippocampe (paire) ; segment postérieur de l'hippocampe (paire)
83747 6072 tax
sulcus hippocampalis (par)
sillon hippocampique (paire)
61922 6073 tax
gyrus dentatus (par) ; fascia dentata (par)
gyrus denté (paire) ; fascia denté (paire)
83728 6074 tax
sulcus fimbriodentatus (par)
sillon fimbriodenté (paire)
8762↓ tax
dentes subiculi (par) ; gyri subspleniales (par)
dents du subiculum (paire) ; gyrus subspléniaux (paire)
61921 6069↓ tax
gyrus fasciolaris (par)
gyrus fasciolaire (paire)
275093 8757↓ tax
fasciola cinerea (par)
fasciola cinerea (paire)
74414 6149 tax
subiculum (par)
subiculum (paire)
62486 6148 tax
presubiculum (par)
présubiculum (paire)
77604 6145 tax
parasubiculum (par)
parasubiculum (paire)
86464 6077 tax
corpus callosum P4 4 children
corps calleux
61945 6078 tax
rostrum
bec
61946 6079 tax
genu
genou
6080 tax
truncus ; corpus
tronc ; corps
61948 6081 tax
splenium
splénium
61844 6098 tax
septum pellucidum P4 4 children
septum pellucidum
61874 6099 tax
cavum
cave
62472 6100
lamina (par)
lame (paire)
12096 tax
morphologia interna telencephali
morphologie interne du télencéphale
61830 6124 tax
cortex cerebri (par)
cortex cérébral (paire)
5972↓ tax
pallium (par) P4 14 children
pallium (paire)
8793↓ tax
pallium dorsale (par)
pallium dorsal (paire)
8798↓ tax
pallium laterale (par)
pallium latéral (paire)
8826↓ tax
pallium mediale (par)
pallium médial (paire)
8827↓ tax
pallium ventrale (par)
pallium ventral (paire)
62429 6130 tax
isocortex (par) ; neocortex (par) P4 188 children
isocortex (paire) ; néocortex (paire)
68606 8830↓ tax
isocortex granularis (par)
isocortex granulaire (paire)
8851 tax
areae sensoriae primariae (par)
aires sensorielles primaires (paire)
8852 tax
areae sensoriae unimodales (par)
aires sensorielles unimodales (paire)
8853 tax
areae associationis ordini magni; areae majores associationis (par)
aires d'association de haut niveau; aires d'association principales
68602 8868 tax
isocortex agranularis (par)
isocortex agranulaire (paire)
8869 tax
area motoria primaria (par)
aire motrice primaire (paire)
8919 tax
areae motoriae nonprimariae (par)
aires motrices nonprimaires (paire)
6131 tax
strata isocorticis (par)
couches du isocortex (paire)
242259 6132 tax
lamina molecularis (par) ; lamina I (par)
lame moléculaire (paire) ; lame I (paire)
242264 6133 tax
lamina granularis externa (par) ; lamina II (par)
lame granulaire externe (paire) ; lame II (paire)
242283 6134 tax
lamina pyramidalis externa (par) ; lamina III (par)
lame pyramidale externe (paire) ; lame III (paire)
242298 6135 tax
lamina granularis interna (par) ; lamina IV (par)
lame granulaire interne (paire) ; lame IV (paire)
242313 6136 tax
lamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; lamina V (par)
lame pyramidale interne (paire) ; lame V (paire)
242333 6137 tax
lamina multiformis (par) ; lamina VI (par)
lame multiforme (paire) ; lame VI (paire)
83855 8928 tax
striae fibrarum myelinatarum isocorticis (par)
stries de fibres myélinisées du isocortex (paire)
77807 6138 tax
stria laminae molecularis iso (par) ; lamina 1 (par) ; lamina tangentialis (par)
strie de la lame moléculaire (paire) ; lame 1 (paire) ; lame tangentielle (paire)
8929 tax
sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 1a (par)
sublame superficielle (paire) ; sublame 1a (paire)
8982 tax
sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 1b (par)
sublame intermédiaire (paire) ; sublame 1b (paire)
9021 tax
sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 1c (par)
sublame profonde (paire) ; sublame 1c (paire)
77806 6139 tax
stria laminae granularis externae iso (par) ; lamina 2 (par)
strie de la lame granulaire externe (paire) ; lame 2 (paire)
9022 tax
sublamina dysfibrosa (par) ; sublamina 2 (par)
sublame dysfibreuse (paire) ; sublame 2 (paire)
77808 6140 tax
stria laminae granularis internae iso (par) ; lamina 3 (par)
strie de la lame granulaire interne (paire) ; lame 3 (paire)
9084 tax
sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 3a (par)
sublame superficielle (paire) ; sublame 3a (paire)
9085 tax
sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 3b (par)
sublame intermédiaire (paire) ; sublame 3b (paire)
9086 tax
sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 3c (par)
sublame profonde (paire) ; sublame 3c (paire)
9087 tax
stria laminae pyramidalis externae iso (par) ; lamina 4 (par)
strie de la lame pyramidale externe (paire) ; lame 4 (paire)
77809 18310 tax
stria laminae infrastriatae (par) ; lamina 5 (par)
strie de la lame infrastriée (paire) ; lame 5 (paire)
9101 tax
lamina infrastriata (par) ; sublamina 5a (par)
lame infrastriée (paire) ; sublame 5a (paire)
6142 tax
sublamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; sublamina 5b (par)
sublame pyramidale interne (paire) ; sublame 5b (paire)
18309 tax
stria laminae substriatae limitantis (par) ; lamina 6 (par)
strie de la lame substriée limitante (paire) ; lame 6 (paire)
9109 tax
sublamina substriata (par) ; sublamina 6a (par)
sublame substriée (paire) ; sublame 6a (paire)
9110 tax
sublamina limitans (par) ; sublamina 6b (par)
sublame limitante (paire) ; sublame 6b (paire)
9114 tax
stria verticalis (par)
strie verticale (paire)
9116 tax
columna corticalis isocorticis (par)
colonne corticale de l'isocortex (paire)
9119 tax
cortex visualis primarius (par) ; area striata (par)
cortex visuel primaire (paire) ; aire striée (paire)
75667 6141 tax
stria occipitalis (par)
strie occipitale (paire)
9126 tax
columna dominantiae ocularis (par)
colonne de dominance oculaire (paire)
9127 tax
columna orientationis (par)
colonne d'orientation (paire)
9132 tax
hypercolumna (par)
hypercolonne (paire)
9135↓ tax
neura isocorticis (par)
neurones du isocortex (paire)
9139 tax
neura projectionis isocorticis (par) ; neura pyramidalia isocorticis (par)
neurones de projection du isocortex (paire) ; neurones pyramidaux du isocortex (paire)
8814 tax
neura pyramidalia magna isocorticis (par)
grands neurones pyramidaux du isocortex (paire)
8815 tax
neura pyramidalia gigantea isocorticis (par)
neurones pyramidaux géants du isocortex (paire)
9143 tax
neura commissuralia isocorticis (par)
neurones commissuraux du isocortex (paire)
8816 tax
neura pyramidalia media isocorticis (par)
neurones pyramidaux moyens du isocortex (paire)
9155 tax
neura associationis isocorticis (par)
neurones d' association du isocortex (paire)
8817 tax
neura pyramidalia parva isocorticis (par)
petits neurones pyramidaux du isocortex (paire)
9170 tax
interneura isocorticis (par)
interneurones du isocortex (paire)
8818 tax
interneura excitatoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura spinosa isocorticis (par)
interneurones excitateurs du isocortex (paire) ; interneurones épineux du isocortex (paire)
8819 tax
neura stellata spinosa isocorticis (par)
neurones stellaires épineux du isocortex (paire)
8820↓ tax
interneura inhibitoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura levia isocorticis (par)
interneurones inhibiteurs du isocortex (paire) ; interneurones doux du isocortex (paire)
8821 tax
neura axodendritica isocorticis (par)
neurones axodendritiques du isocortex (paire)
8822 tax
neura bipolaria isocorticis (par)
neurones bipolaires du isocortex (paire)
8823 tax
neura horizontalia isocorticis (par)
neurones horizontaux du isocortex (paire)
8824 tax
neura multiplumosa isocorticis (par)
neurone multitouffes du isocortex (paire)
8825 tax
neura neurogliaformia isocorticis (par) ; neura araneiformia isocorticis (par)
neurones neurogliaformes du isocortex (paire) ; neurones aranéiformes du isocortex (paire)
8828 tax
neura racemiformia biracemiformia isocorticis (par) ; neura biplumosa isocorticis (par)
neurones dendritiques doubles en bouquet de l'isocortex; neurones bitouffes du isocortex (paire)
8829 tax
neura axosomatodendritica isocorticis (par)
neurones axosomatodendritiques du isocortex (paire)
8831 tax
neura corbiformia magna isocorticis (par)
grands neurones en panier de l'isocortex
8832 tax
neura corbiformia parva isocorticis (par)
petits neurones en panier de l'isocortex
8833 tax
neura axoaxonica isocorticis (par)
neurones axoaxonaux du isocortex (paire)
8834 tax
neura candelaria isocorticis (par)
neurones en chandelier de l'isocortex
9180↓ tax
complexus claustroinsularis (par) P4 29 children
agrégat claustroinsulaire (paire)
67440 6187↓ tax
claustrum (par)
barrière (paire)
9186 tax
claustrum dorsale (par) ; claustrum insulare (par)
barrière dorsale (paire) ; barrière insulaire (paire) ; avant-mur dorsal (paire)
9187 tax
claustrum ventrale (par) ; nucleus endopiriformis (par)
barrière ventrale (paire) ; noyau endopiriforme (paire) ; avant-mur ventral (paire)
9188↓ tax
cortex insularis (par)
cortex insulaire (paire)
9189 tax
cortex insularis agranularis (par)
cortex insulaire agranulaire (paire)
9206 tax
neura projectionis corticis insularis (par)
neurones de projection du cortex insulaire (paire)
9222 tax
neura bipolaria magna corticis insularis (par)
grands neurones bipolaires du cortex insulaire (paire)
9223↓ tax
cortex insularis dysgranularis (par)
cortex insulaire dysgranulaire (paire)
9227↓ tax
cortex insularis granularis (par)
cortex insulaire granulaire (paire)
83687 6128↓ tax
allocortex (par)
allocortex (paire)
62430 6126↓ tax
paleocortex (par) P4 122 children
paléocortex (paire)
9183 tax
strata bulbi olfactorii (par)
couches du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9228 tax
stratum neurofibrosum (par)
couche du nerf olfactif (paire)
9229 tax
stratum glomerulosum (par)
couche glomérulaire (paire)
9230 tax
glomerulus olfactorius (par)
glomérule olfactif (paire)
9231 tax
stratum plexiforme externum (par)
couche plexiforme externe (paire)
9232 tax
stratum mitrale (par)
couche mitrale (paire)
9233 tax
stratum plexiforme internum (par)
couche plexiforme interne (paire)
9234 tax
stratum granulare (par)
couche granulaire (paire)
9237 tax
neura bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9332 tax
neura projectionis bulbi olfactorii (par) ; neura principalia bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones de projection du bulbe olfactif (paire) ; neurones principaux du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9333 tax
neura mitralia bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones mitraux du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9334 tax
neura plumosa bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones touffes du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9335 tax
neura plumosa externa bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones touffes externes du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9364 tax
neura plumosa media bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones touffes moyens du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9365 tax
neura plumosa interna bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones touffes internes du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9366 tax
interneura bulbi olfactorii (par)
interneurones du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9367 tax
interneura excitatoria bulbi olfactorii (par)
interneurones excitateurs du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9368↓ tax
neura juxtaglomerulosa bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones juxtaglomérulaires du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9379 tax
interneura inhibitoria bulbi olfactorii (par)
interneurones inhibiteurs du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9380 tax
neura granularia superficialia bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones granulaires superficiels du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9383 tax
neura granularia intermedia bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones granulaires intermédiaires du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9384 tax
neura granularia profunda bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones granulaires profonds du bulbe olfactif (paire)
9387 tax
neura periglomerulosa bulbi olfactorii (par)
neurones périglomérulaires du bulbe olfactif (paire)
6306 tax
cellulae dopaminergicae bulbi olfactorii (par)
cellules dopaminergiques du bulbe olfactif (paire) ; neurone dopaminergique A16s (paire)
6182↓ tax
strata regionis retrobulbaris (par)
couches de la région rétrobulbaire (paire)
9238 tax
stratum moleculare (par)
couche moléculaire (paire)
9239 tax
stratum densocellulare (par)
couche densocellulaire (paire)
9240 tax
stratum multiforme (par)
couche multiforme (paire)
9242 tax
strata corticis piriformis structurae olfactoriae (par)
couches du cortex piriforme (paire)
9245 tax
stratum moleculare (par)
couche moléculaire (paire)
9246 tax
stratum densocellulare (par)
couche densocellulaire (paire)
9247 tax
stratum multiforme (par)
couche multiforme (paire)
9243 tax
strata regionis periamygdaloideae (par)
couches de la région périamygdaloïde (paire)
9248 tax
stratum moleculare (par)
couche moléculaire (paire)
9250 tax
stratum densocellulare (par)
couche densocellulaire (paire)
9244 tax
strata regionis peripaleocorticalis claustralis (par)
couches de la région péripaléocorticale claustrale (paire)
9251 tax
stratum moleculare (par)
couche moléculaire (paire)
9252 tax
stratum densocellulare (par)
couche densocellulaire (paire)
9253 tax
stratum dissecans (par)
couche dissécante (paire)
9272 tax
stratum multiforme (par)
couche multiforme (paire)
62424 6125↓ tax
archicortex (par) P4 121 children
archicortex (paire)
74041 9295 tax
regiones hippocampi (par)
régions de l'hippocampe (paire)
74042 6151 tax
cornu ammonis 1 (par)
corne de Ammon 1 (paire)
72044 6152 tax
cornu ammonis 2 (par)
corne de Ammon 2 (paire)
72045 6153 tax
cornu ammonis 3 (par)
corne de Ammon 3 (paire)
75741 6154 tax
cornu ammonis ammonis (par)
corne de Ammon Ammon (paire)
83679 6157 tax
strata hippocampi (par)
couches de l'hippocampe (paire) ; couche de la corne d'Ammons (paire)
83149 6158 tax
stratum lacunomoleculare (par)
couche lacunomoléculaire (paire)
83894 6161 tax
stratum radiatum (par)
couche radiante (paire)
83895 6160 tax
stratum pyramidale (par)
couche pyramidale (paire)
83893 6159 tax
stratum oriens (par)
couche oriens (paire)
9023 tax
neura hippocampi (par)
neurones de l'hippocampe (paire)
9298 tax
neura projectionis hippocampi (par) ; neura principalia hippocampi (par)
neurones de projection de l'hippocampe (paire) ; neurones principaux de l'hippocampe (paire)
9299 tax
neura pyramidalia hippocampi (par)
neurones pyramidaux de l'hippocampe (paire)
9305↓ tax
interneura hippocampi (par)
interneurones de l'hippocampe (paire)
9307 tax
interneura inhibitoria hippocampi (par)
interneurones inhibiteurs de l'hippocampe (paire)
9312 tax
neura corbiformia hippocampi (par)
neurones en panier de l'hippocampe
9326 tax
neura bistratificata hippocampi (par)
neurones bistratifiés de l'hippocampe (paire)
9328 tax
neura candelaria hippocampi (par)
neurones en chandelier de l'hippocampe
275167 8764 tax
substantia alba hippocampi (par)
matière blanche de l'hippocampe (paire)
13172 tax
tractus commissurales hippocampi (par)
voies commissurales de l'hippocampe (paire)
61970 6286↓ tax
commissura hippocampi ; psalterium
commissure de l'hippocampe ; psaltérium
9331 tax
tractus descendentes hippocampi (par) ; tractus descendentes originis hippocampi (par)
voies descendantes de l'hippocampe (paire) ; voie descendante d'origine dans l'hippocampes (paire)
61965 6091 tax
fornix
fornix
8538 tax
tractus proprii hippocampi (par) ; tractus intrinsici hippocampi (par)
voies propres de l'hippocampe (paire) ; voies intrinsèques de l'hippocampe (paire)
9396 tax
neurofibrae muscosae hippocampi (par)
fibres moussues de l'hippocampe (paire)
9397 tax
collaterales axonales hippocampi proprii (par)
collatéraux axonaux de l'hippocampe propre (paire)
8539↓ tax
via endofolialis
voie endofoliée
9398 tax
collaterales axonales hilares hippocampi proprii (par)
collatéraux axonaux hilaires de l'hippocampe propre (paire)
83867 6156 tax
alveus hippocampi
alvéus de l'hippocampe
83866 6075 tax
fimbria hippocampi
fimbria de l'hippocampe
83678 6163 tax
strata gyri dentati (par)
couches du gyrus denté (paire)
83677 6164 tax
stratum moleculare gyri dentati (par)
couche moléculaire du gyrus denté (paire)
83146 6165 tax
stratum granulare gyri dentati (par)
couche granulaire du gyrus denté (paire)
72358 6166 tax
stratum multiforme gyri dentati (par)
couche multiforme du gyrus denté (paire)
9399 tax
neura gyri dentati (par)
neurones du gyrus denté (paire)
9400 tax
neura projectionis gyri dentati (par) ; neura principalia gyri dentati (par)
neurones de projection du gyrus denté (paire) ; neurones principaux du gyrus denté (paire)
9401 tax
neura granularia gyri dentati (par)
neurones granulaires du gyrus denté (paire)
9402 tax
interneura gyri dentati (par)
interneurones du gyrus denté (paire)
9403 tax
interneura excitatoria gyri dentati (par)
interneurones excitateurs du gyrus denté (paire)
9404 tax
neura muscosa gyri dentati (par) ; neura stellata gyri dentati (par)
neurones moussus du gyrus denté (paire) ; neurones stellaires du gyrus denté (paire)
9405 tax
interneura inhibitoria gyri dentati (par)
interneurones inhibiteurs du gyrus denté (paire)
9406 tax
neura corbiformia pyramidalia gyri dentati (par)
neurones pyramidaux en panier du gyrus denté
9407 tax
neura candelaria gyri dentati (par)
neurones en chandelier du gyrus denté
277886 11908 tax
strata subiculi (par)
couches du subiculum (paire)
277888 8760 tax
stratum moleculare subiculi (par)
couche moléculaire du subiculum (paire)
277890 8761 tax
stratum pyramidale subiculi (par)
couche pyramidale du subiculum (paire)
8763 tax
stratum multiforme subiculi (par)
couche multiforme du subiculum (paire)
84039 6129↓ tax
mesocortex (par) P4 101 children
mésocortex (paire)
8920 tax
proisocortex (par)
proisocortex (paire)
8921 tax
periallocortex (par)
périallocortex (paire)
8922 tax
peripaleocortex (par)
péripaléocortex (paire)
8924 tax
periarchicortex (par)
périarchicortex (paire)
12168↓ tax
strata presubiculi (par)
couches du présubiculum (paire)
9411 tax
stratum moleculare presubiculi (par)
couche moléculaire du présubiculum (paire)
9412 tax
stratum principale externum presubiculi (par)
couche principale externe du présubiculum (paire)
9413 tax
stratum principale internum presubiculi (par)
couche principale interne du présubiculum (paire)
12169 tax
strata parasubiculi (par)
couches du parasubiculum (paire)
9415 tax
stratum moleculare parasubiculi (par)
couche moléculaire du parasubiculum (paire)
9416 tax
stratum cellulare parasubiculi (par)
couche cellulaire du parasubiculum (paire)
9417↓ tax
strata corticis entorhinalis (par)
couches du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9418 tax
stratum moleculare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 1 corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche moléculaire du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; lame 1 du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9421 tax
stratum principale externum corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche principale externe du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9422 tax
stratum stellare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 2 corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche stellaire du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; lame 2 du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9425 tax
stratum pyramidale corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 3 corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche pyramidale du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; lame 3 du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9427 tax
lamina dissecans corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 4 corticis entorhinalis (par)
lame dissécante du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; lame 4 du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9428 tax
stratum principale internum corticis entorhinalis (par) ; lamina 5 corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche principale interne du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; lame 5 du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9429 tax
stratum magnocellulare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5a corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche magnocellulaire du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; sublame 5a du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9430 tax
stratum parvocellulare corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5b corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche parvocellulaire du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; sublame 5b du cortex entorhinal (paire)
9431 tax
stratum 5c corticis entorhinalis (par) ; sublamina 5c corticis entorhinalis (par)
couche 5c du cortex entorhinal (paire) ; sublame 5c du cortex entorhinal (paire)
8766 tax
strata corticis perirhinalis (par)
couches du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8767 tax
stratum moleculare corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 1 corticis perirhinalis (par)
couche moléculaire du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 1 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8768↓ tax
stratum stellare corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 2 corticis perirhinalis (par)
couche stellaire du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 2 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8769 tax
stratum pyramidale externum corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 3 corticis perirhinalis (par)
couche pyramidale externe du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 3 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8770 tax
lamina dissecans corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 4 corticis perirhinalis (par)
lame dissécante du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 4 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8771 tax
stratum pyramidale internum corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 5 corticis perirhinalis (par)
couche pyramidale interne du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 5 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
8772 tax
stratum multiforme corticis perirhinalis (par) ; lamina 6 corticis perirhinalis (par)
couche multiforme du cortex périrhinal (paire) ; lame 6 du cortex périrhinal (paire)
9454↓ tax
cortex cingularis (par)
cortex cingulaire (paire)
9433↓ tax
cortex retrosplenialis (par)
cortex rétrosplénial (paire)
9434 tax
cortex ectosplenialis (par)
cortex ectosplénial (paire)
9443 tax
cortex retrosplenialis granularis (par)
cortex rétrosplénial granulaire (paire)
9453 tax
cortex retrosplenialis dysgranularis (par)
cortex rétrosplénial dysgranulaire (paire)
241998 9449 tax
substantia alba hemispherii cerebri (par) P4 117 children
matière blanche de l'hémisphère cérébral (paire)
61939 9459↓ tax
centrum semiovale (par)
centre semiovale (paire)
61960 6267↓ tax
capsula extrema
capsule extrême
62076 9508↓ tax
pedunculus temporalis
pédoncule temporal
77636 6275 tax
fasciculus uncinatus cerebri
faisceau unciforme du cerveau
77633 6276 tax
(fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior )
(faisceau occipitofrontal inférieur )
61950 6239 tax
capsula interna (par)
capsule interne (paire)
61952 6241 tax
crus anterius (par)
segment antérieur (paire)
76976 5877 tax
radiatio thalamica anterior ; radiatio anterior thalami
radiation thalamique antérieure
75223 6243 tax
tractus frontopontinus
voie frontopontique
61953 6244 tax
genu capsulae internae (par)
genou de la capsule interne (paire)
61954 6246 tax
crus posterius capsulae internae (par)
segment postérieur de la capsule interne (paire)
76978 5878 tax
radiatio thalamica centralis ; radiatio centralis thalami
radiation thalamique centrale
75222 6245 tax
pars capsularis
partie capsulaire
8528 tax
tractus corticoreticularis
voie corticoréticulée
9196 tax
tractus corticorubralis
voie corticorubrale
265586 8527 tax
tractus corticospinalis
voie corticospinale
327039 8525 tax
fibrae corticothalamicae (par)
fibres corticothalamiques (paire)
8535 tax
fibrae parietopontinae (par)
fibres pariétopontiques (paire)
7574 tax
fibrae thalamoparietales (par)
fibres thalamopariétales (paire)
61957 6254↓ tax
pars retrolentiformis capsulae internae (par)
partie rétrolentiforme de la capsule interne (paire)
8534 tax
fibrae occipitopontinae (par)
fibres occipitopontiques (paire)
6256 tax
fibrae occipitotectales (par)
fibres occipitotectales (paire)
61941 5884 tax
radiatio optica
radiation optique
12178 tax
fibrae geniculocalcarinae (par)
fibres géniculocalcarines (paire)
76982 5886 tax
radiatio thalamica posterior ; radiatio posterior thalami
radiation thalamique postérieure
61958 6259↓ tax
pars sublentiformis (par)
partie sublentiforme (paire) ; segment souslentiforme (paire)
62413 8500 tax
radiatio acustica
radiation acoustique
12176 tax
fibrae geniculotemporales (par)
fibres géniculotemporales (paire)
72419 6261 tax
fibrae corticotectales (par)
fibres corticotectales (paire)
61941 5884 tax
radiatio optica
radiation optique
12178 tax
fibrae geniculocalcarinae (par)
fibres géniculocalcarines (paire)
8536 tax
fibrae temporopontinae (par)
fibres temporopontiques (paire)
327039 8525 tax
fibrae corticothalamicae (par)
fibres corticothalamiques (paire)
260714 7616 tax
tractus associationis originis telencephali (par) ; tractus associationis cerebri (par)
voies d'association d'origine dans le cerveau (paire); voies d' association du cerveau (paire)
260717 6274↓ tax
fibrae associationis breves; fibrae U-figuratae
fibres d'association courtes; fibres en U
77630 6273↓ tax
fibrae associationis longae
fibres d'association longues dans le télencéphale
14223 tax
systema longitudinale superius
système longitudinal supérieur
77631 6272↓ tax
fasciculus longitudinalis superior
faisceau longitudinal supérieur
9484 tax
fasciculus longitudinalis superior I
faisceau longitudinal supérieur I
9485 tax
fasciculus longitudinalis superior II
faisceau longitudinal supérieur II
9486 tax
fasciculus longitudinalis superior III
faisceau longitudinal supérieur III
11829 tax
fasciculus frontooccipitalis
faisceau frontooccipital
77634 6277 tax
(fasciculus occipitofrontalis superior )
(faisceau occipitofrontal supérieur )
276650 6269↓ tax
fasciculus arcuatus
faisceau arqué
14203 tax
systema longitudinale inferius
système longitudinal inférieur
18480 tax
fasciculus frontooccipitalis inferior
faisceau frontooccipital inférieur
77636 6275 tax
fasciculus uncinatus cerebri
faisceau unciforme du cerveau
77633 6276 tax
(fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior )
(faisceau occipitofrontal inférieur )
14215 tax
systema longitudinale medium
système longitudinal moyen
14222 tax
fasciculus longitudinalis medius
faisceau longitudinal moyen
14216 tax
systema longitudinale basale
système longitudinal basique
77632 6271 tax
fasciculus longitudinalis inferior
faisceau longitudinal inférieur
14217 tax
systema longitudinale mesiale
système longitudinal mésial
260761 6270 tax
cingulum
ceinture
14218 tax
systema transversum anterius
système transverse antérieur
9510↓ tax
fasciculus frontalis obliquus
faisceau frontal oblique
14219 tax
systema transversum posterius
système transverse postérieur
83457 11830 tax
fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis
faisceau temporopariétal vertical
14220 tax
fibrae associationis lobares
fibres d'association lobaires
9511 tax
fasciculus frontalis orbitopolaris
faisceau frontal orbitopolaire
9512 tax
fasciculus frontomarginalis
faisceau frontomarginal
6278↓ tax
fasciculi occipitales verticales (par)
faisceaux occipitaux verticaux (paire)
6279 tax
fibrae laterales (par)
fibres latérales (paire)
6280 tax
fibrae caudales (par)
fibres caudales (paire)
6281 tax
fasciculi occipitales horizontales (par)
faisceaux occipitaux horizontaux (paire)
6282 tax
fibrae cuneatae (par)
fibres cunéiformes (paire)
6283 tax
fibrae linguales (par)
fibres linguales (paire)
8522 tax
tractus commissurales originis telencephali (par) ; tractus commissurales cerebri (par)
voies commissurales du origine cérébrale (paire) ; voies commissurales du cerveau (paire)
6285 tax
fibrae corporis callosi (par)
fibres du corps calleux (paire)
77693 6085 tax
radiatio corporis callosi
radiation du corps calleux
61944 6086 tax
forceps minor ; forceps frontalis
forceps mineur ; forceps frontal
61949 6087 tax
forceps major ; forceps occipitalis
forceps majeur ; forceps occipital
77208 6088 tax
tapetum
tapetum
61970 6286↓ tax
commissura hippocampi ; psalterium
commissure de l'hippocampe ; psaltérium
61961 5799 tax
commissura anterior
commissure antérieure
61963 6089 tax
pars anterior commissurae anterioris
partie antérieure de la commissure antérieure
61964 6090 tax
pars posterior commissurae anterioris
partie postérieure de la commissure antérieure
8524 tax
tractus descendentes originis telencephali
voies descendantes d'origine cérébrale (paire)
77637 9509↓ tax
fasciculus subcallosus
faisceau subcalleux
84379 6193 tax
fasciculus peduncularis descendens
faisceau pédonculaire descendant
13173 tax
fasciculus angularis
faisceau angulaire
9395 tax
tractus perforans
voie perforante
9544 tax
fibrae corticostriatales (par)
fibres corticostriées (paire)
327039 8525 tax
fibrae corticothalamicae (par)
fibres corticothalamiques (paire)
6256 tax
fibrae occipitotectales (par)
fibres occipitotectales (paire)
72634 8526 tax
tractus pyramidalis
voie pyramidale
9196 tax
tractus corticorubralis
voie corticorubrale
8528 tax
tractus corticoreticularis
voie corticoréticulée
12525 tax
tractus corticonuclearis
voie corticonucléaire
265586 8527 tax
tractus corticospinalis
voie corticospinale
224856 12543 tax
tractus corticopontini (par)
voies corticopontiques (paire)
8532 tax
fibrae frontopontinae (par)
fibres frontopontiques (paire)
8535 tax
fibrae parietopontinae (par)
fibres pariétopontiques (paire)
8536 tax
fibrae temporopontinae (par)
fibres temporopontiques (paire)
8534 tax
fibrae occipitopontinae (par)
fibres occipitopontiques (paire)
61959 6266 tax
capsula externa (par)
capsule externe (paire)
18661 6265 tax
corona radiata (par)
couronne rayonnante (paire)
61841 6168↓ tax
corpus amygdaloideum (par) ; complexus amygdaloideus (par) ; amygdala (par) P4 84 children
corps amygdaloïde (paire) ; agrégat amygdaloïde (paire) ; amygdale (paire)
68855 9547 tax
nuclei basolaterales (par)
noyaux basilatéraux (paire)
68855 6173 tax
nucleus basalis lateralis amygdalae (par)
noyau basique latéral de l'amygdale (paire)
68858 6174 tax
nucleus basalis medialis amygdalae (par)
noyau basique médial de l'amygdale (paire)
77606 6169 tax
area transitionis amygdaloclaustralis (par)
aire du claustrum du corps amygdaloïde (paire)
61866 6178 tax
nucleus lateralis amygdalae (par)
noyau latéral de l'amygdale (paire)
9579 tax
nuclei centromediales (par)
noyaux centromédiaux (paire)
74047 6175 tax
nucleus centralis amygdalae (par)
noyau central de l'amygdale (paire)
74046 6179 tax
nucleus medialis amygdalae (par)
noyau médial de l'amygdale (paire)
9580 tax
nuclei intercalati amygdalae (par)
noyaux intercalés de la amygdale (paire)
9581 tax
area transitionis amygdalostriatalis (par)
aire de transition amygdalostriée (paire)
9582 tax
amygdala extenta (par)
corps amydaloïde étendu (paire)
61884 6185↓ tax
nucleus striae terminalis (par)
noyau de la strie terminale (paire)
9123 tax
divisio lateralis nuclei striae terminalis (par)
division latérale du noyau de la strie terminale (paire)
9124 tax
divisio medialis nuclei striae terminalis (par)
division médiale du noyau de la strie terminale (paire)
77609 6186 tax
pars sublenticularis amygdalae (par)
partie sublenticulaire de l'amygdale (paire)
77699 6177 tax
nucleus interstitialis amygdalae (par) ; nucleus interstitialis partis posterioris commissurae anterioris (par)
noyau interstitiel de l'amygdale (paire) ; noyau interstitiel de la partie postérieure de la commissure antérieure (paire)
84608 9583↓ tax
amygdala olfactoria (par)
corps amygdaloïde olfactif (paire)
61861 6172 tax
area amygdaloidea anterior (par)
aire amygdaloïde antérieure (paire)
9846 tax
nucleus corticalis anterior amygdalae (par)
noyau cortical antérieur de l'amygdale (paire)
9847 tax
nucleus corticalis posterior amygdalae (par)
noyau cortical postérieur de l'amygdale (paire)
9848 tax
nucleus corticalis ventralis amygdalae (par)
noyau cortical ventral de l'amygdale (paire)
61865 6180 tax
nucleus tractus olfactorii lateralis (par)
noyau de la strie olfactive latérale (paire)
77607 6170 tax
area transitionis amygdalohippocampalis (par)
aire de transition amygdalohippocampique (paire)
77608 6171 tax
area transitionis amygdalopiriformis (par)
aire de transition amygdalopiriforme (paire)
62485 6181 tax
cortex periamygdaloideus (par)
cortex périamygdaloïde (paire)
8786 tax
substantia alba corporis amygdaloidei (par)
matière blanche du corps amygdaloïde (paire)
327039 8525 tax
fibrae corticothalamicae (par)
fibres corticothalamiques (paire)
61974 6111 tax
stria terminalis
strie terminale
8544 tax
fasciculus amygdalofugalis ventralis
faisceau amygdalofugal ventral
8126 tax
fibrae amygdalotegmentales (par)
fibres amygdalotegmentales (paire)
77616 6230↓ tax
subpallium (par) P4 12 children
subpallium (paire)
77618 6231 tax
striatum (par)
striatum (paire)
83684 6233 tax
pallidum (par)
pallidum (paire)
61973 6188 tax
stria diagonalis
bandelette diagonale
62313 5785 tax
area preoptica (par)
aire préoptique (paire)
61887 6216 tax
nuclei basales (par) P4 162 children
noyaux basiques (paire)
61833 6217 tax
nucleus caudatus (par)
noyau caudé (paire)
61852 6218 tax
caput nuclei caudati (par)
tête du noyau caudé (paire)
61853 6219 tax
corpus nuclei caudati (par)
corps du noyau caudé (paire)
61854 6220 tax
cauda nuclei caudati (par)
queue du noyau caudé (paire)
77615 6221 tax
nucleus lentiformis (par) ; nucleus lenticularis (par)
noyau lentiforme (paire) ; noyau lenticulaire (paire)
61834 6222 tax
putamen (par)
putamen (paire)
62469 6223 tax
lamina medullaris lateralis ; lamina medullaris externa
lame médullaire latérale ; lame médullaire externe
61839 6224 tax
globus pallidus lateralis (par); globus pallidalis externus (par)
pallidum latéral (paire); globe pallidal externe (paire)
62470 6225 tax
lamina medullaris medialis ; lamina medullaris interna
lame médullaire médiale ; lame médullaire interne
61840 6226 tax
globus pallidus medialis (par); globus pallidalis internus (par)
pallidum médial (paire); globe pallidal interne (paire)
6227 tax
pars lateralis (par)
partie latérale (paire)
62471 6228 tax
lamina medullaris accessoria (par)
lame médullaire accessoire (paire)
6229 tax
pars medialis (par)
partie médiale (paire)
9839 tax
substantia grisea striati (par)
matière grise du striatum (paire)
77620 6232 tax
striatum dorsale (par)
striatum dorsal (paire)
9840↓ tax
substantia grisea nuclei caudati (par)
matière grise du noyau caudé (paire)
9841 tax
striosoma (par)
striosome (paire)
9842 tax
matrix striatalis (par)
matrice striée (paire)
6240 tax
pontes grisei caudatolenticulares (par) ; pontes grisei transcapsulares (par)
ponts gris caudolenticulaires (paire) ; ponts gris transcapsulaires (paire)
77614 6205 tax
striatum ventrale (par)
striatum ventral (paire)
9844↓
fundus striati (par)
fond du striatum (paire)
61889 6206 tax
nucleus accumbens (par)
noyau accumbens (paire)
77385 6207 tax
pars centralis (par)
partie centrale (paire) ; région nucléaire (paire)
77386 6208 tax
pars medialis (par)
partie médiale (paire)
61891 6199 tax
tuberculum olfactorium (par)
tubercule olfactif (paire)
61888 6194 tax
insulae olfactoriae (par) ; insulae terminales (par)
îlot olfactifs (paire); îlot terminaux (paire)
9852↓ tax
neura striati (par)
neurones du striatum (paire)
9853 tax
neura projectionis striati (par) ; neura principalia striati (par)
neurones de projection du striatum (paire) ; neurones principaux du striatum (paire)
8791 tax
neura spinosa magnitudinis mediae striati (par)
neurones épineux de taille moyenne du striatum (paire)
8792 tax
interneura striati (par)
interneurones du striatum (paire)
8794 tax
interneura excitatoria striati (par)
interneurones excitateurs du striatum (paire)
8795 tax
interneura cholinergica striati (par)
interneurones cholinergiques du striatum (paire)
8797↓ tax
interneura inhibitoria striati (par)
interneurones inhibiteurs du striatum (paire)
8799 tax
interneura GABAergica striati (par)
interneurones GABAergiques du striatum (paire)
9845 tax
substantia grisea pallidi (par)
matière grise du pallidum (paire)
77619 6234 tax
pallidum dorsale (par) ; globus pallidalis (par)
pallidum dorsal (paire); globe pallidal (paire)
77613 9145 tax
pallidum ventrale (par)
pallidum ventral (paire)
8800 tax
neura (par)
neurones du globe pallidal (paire)
8801 tax
neura projectionis (par) ; neura principalia (par)
neurones de projection du globe pallidal (paire) ; neurones principaux du globe pallidal (paire)
8804 tax
neura magna (par)
grands neurones du globe pallidal (paire)
8805 tax
substantia alba nucleorum basalium (par)
matière blanche de noyaux basiques (paire)
8806 tax
tractus striatales (par)
voies striées (paire)
61960 6267↓ tax
capsula extrema
capsule extrême
61959 6266 tax
capsula externa
capsule externe
77637 9509↓ tax
fasciculus subcallosus
faisceau subcalleux
62070 5874 tax
ansa lenticularis
anse lenticulaire
61976 5875 tax
fasciculus lenticularis
faisceau lenticulaire
77525 5888 tax
fasciculus subthalamicus
faisceau subthalamique
62065 5890 tax
fasciculus thalamicus
faisceau thalamique
8807 tax
connexus striatales (par)
connections striées (paire)
8808 tax
connexus afferentes striatales (par)
connections afférentes striées (paire)
9544 tax
fibrae corticostriatales (par)
fibres corticostriées (paire)
8543 tax
fibrae amygdalostriatales (par)
fibres amygdalostriées (paire)
7918 tax
fibrae thalamostriatales (par)
fibres thalamostriées (paire)
8485 tax
fibrae nigrostriatales (par)
fibres nigrostriées (paire)
8809 tax
connexus efferentes striatales (par)
connections efférentes striées (paire)
8546 tax
fibrae striatopallidales (par)
fibres striatopallidales (paire)
8118 tax
fibrae striatonigrales (par)
fibres striatonigrales (paire)
8810 tax
connexus pallidales (par)
connections pallidales (paire)
8811 tax
connexus pallidales afferentes (par)
connections pallidales afférentes (paire)
8546 tax
fibrae striatopallidales (par)
fibres striatopallidales (paire)
7922 tax
fibrae subthalamopallidales (par)
fibres subthalamopallidales (paire)
8812 tax
connexus pallidales efferentes (par)
connections pallidales efférentes (paire)
8547 tax
fibrae pallidosubthalamicae (par)
fibres pallidosubthalamiques (paire)
8548 tax
fibrae pallidothalamicae (par)
fibres pallidothalamiques (paire)
8549 tax
fibrae pallidohabenulares (par)
fibres pallidohabénulaires (paire)
8550 tax
fibrae pallidonigrales (par)
fibres pallidonigrales (paire)
8551 tax
fibrae pallidotegmentales (par)
fibres pallidotegmentales (paire)
77700 6167↓ tax
pars basalis telencephali proprii (par); prosencephalon basale (par) P4 90 children
partie basique du télencéphale (paire)
6183 tax
substantia basalis (par)
substance basique (paire)
61887 6184 tax
nucleus basalis (par)
noyau basique (paire)
61884 6185↓ tax
nucleus striae terminalis
noyau de la strie terminale
9123 tax
divisio lateralis nuclei striae terminalis
division latérale du noyau de la strie terminale
9124 tax
divisio medialis nuclei striae terminalis
division médiale du noyau de la strie terminale
9849 tax
cellulae cholinergicae substantiae basalis (par)
cellules cholinergiques de la substance basique (paire)
6316 tax
cellulae cholinergicae nuclei septalis medialis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch1 (par)
cellules cholinergiques du noyau septal médial (paire) ; cellules cholinergiques Ch1 (paire)
6317 tax
cellulae cholinergicae cruris verticalis striae diagonalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch2 (par)
cellules cholinergiques du pédoncule vertical de la bandelette diagonale (paire) ; cellules cholinergiques Ch2 (paire)
6318 tax
cellulae cholinergicae cruris horizontalis striae diagonalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch3 (par)
cellules cholinergiques du pédoncule horizontal de la bandelette diagonale (paire) ; cellules cholinergiques Ch3 (paire)
6319 tax
cellulae cholinergicae nuclei basalis (par) ; cellulae cholinergicae Ch4 (par)
cellules cholinergiques du noyau basique (paire) ; cellules cholinergiques Ch4 (paire)
77609 6186 tax
pars sublenticularis amygdalae
partie sublenticulaire de l'amygdale
61973 6188 tax
stria diagonalis (par)
bandelette diagonale (paire)
77611 6189 tax
crus horizontale striae diagonalis (par)
pédoncule horizontal de la bandelette diagonale (paire)
77612 6190 tax
crus verticale striae diagonalis (par)
pédoncule vertical de la bandelette diagonale (paire)
61882 6191 tax
nucleus striae diagonalis (par)
noyau de la bandelette diagonale (paire)
61885 6192 tax
substantia innominata (par)
substance innominée (paire)
6209 tax
nuclei septales (par)
noyaux septaux (paire)
61877 6210 tax
nucleus septalis dorsalis (par)
noyau septal dorsal (paire)
61878 6211 tax
nucleus septalis lateralis (par)
noyau septal latéral (paire)
61879 6212 tax
nucleus septalis medialis (par)
noyau septal médial (paire)
77547 6101 tax
nucleus septalis precommissuralis (par)
noyau septal précommissural (paire)
61881 6213 tax
nucleus septofimbriatus (par)
noyau septofimbrial (paire)
61880 6214 tax
nucleus septalis triangularis (par)
noyau septal triangulaire (paire)
8623 tax
nuclei areae preopticae (par)
noyaux de la aire préoptique (paire)
62326 5915 tax
nucleus preopticus lateralis (par)
noyau préoptique latéral (paire)
67890 5916 tax
nucleus preopticus medialis (par)
noyau préoptique médial (paire)
62323 5917 tax
nucleus preopticus medianus (par)
noyau préoptique médian (paire)
62324 5919 tax
nucleus preopticus periventricularis (par)
noyau préoptique périventriculaire (paire)
8624↓ tax
nucleus preopticus ventrolateralis (par)
noyau préoptique ventrolatéral (paire)
5914 tax
nuclei interstitiales (par)
noyaux interstitiels (paire)
8625 tax
nucleus dimorphus sexualis (par)
noyau dimorphique sexuel (paire)
8626 tax
cellulae dopaminergicae areae preopticae (par) ; cellulae dopaminergicae A15 (par)
cellules dopaminergiques de la aire préoptique (paire) ; cellules dopaminergiques A15 (paire)
703 lines
72.0 %
70.0 %
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
5971
Some new items have been added from ten Donkelaar HJ, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mai JK (2018) Toward a common terminology for the gyri and sulci of the human cerebral cortex. Front Neuroanat 12:93.
5972
The Pallium has four components of which the Pallium dorsale gives rise to the Isocortex (Neocortex), the Pallium laterale to the Claustro-insular complex, the Pallium mediale to the Formatio hippocampi, and the Pallium ventrale to the Olfactory cortex and the Pallial amygdala (see TE, Section Neuroembryology).
5992
For the Polus frontalis (Frontal pole) and its subdivision, see Petrides M, Pandya DN (2012 The frontal lobe. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 988-1011; Bludau S, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. (2014) Cytoarchitecture, probability maps and functions of the human frontal pole. Neuroimage 93:260-275.
5996
For subdivision of Broca’s area, see Amunts K, Schleicher A, Bürgel U, et al. (1999 Broca’s region revisited: Cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability. J Comp Neurol 412:319-341). The Sulcus diagonalis (of Eberstaller) is a variable branch of the Sulcus lateralis, dividing the Pars opercularis into two parts. The Sulcus radiatus (of Eberstaller) may indent the Pars triangularis from above.
6005
See note # 6006
6006
The Angular and supramarginal gyri form with the Parietal operculum the Lobulus parietalis inferior (Inferior parietal lobule or IPL). The Gyrus angularis (Angular gyrus; BA39) can be further subdivided (see Caspers S, Amunts K, Zilles K 2012 Posterior parietal cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1036-1035). The Operculum parietale (Parietal operculum) contains four cytoarchitectonic, functionally defined areas OP1-4 (see Eickhoff S, Schleicher A, Zilles K, Amunts K 2006a The human parietal operculum. I. Cytoarchitectonic mapping of subdivisions. Cereb Cortex 16:254-267; Eickhoff S, Amunts K, Mohlberg H, Zilles K 2006b Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaginig results. Cereb Cortex 16:268-279). The Gyrus supramarginalis (Supramarginal gyrus; BA40) can be further subdivided (see Caspers et al. 2012).
6007
See note # 6006
6008
In monkeys, the Intraparietal sulcus contains numerous intraparietal areas (AIP, LIP, MIP, PIP and VIP), area PEip and area V6A (Rizzolatti G, Luppino G, Matelli M 1998 The organization of the cortical motor system: New concepts. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 106:283-296). In the human brain, at least AIP and VIP areas have been identified (Seitz RJ, Binkofski F 2003 Modular organization of parietal lobe functions as revealed by functional activation studies. Adv Neurol 93:281-292).
6011
The Lobulus parietalis superior (Superior parietal lobule or SPL) can be divided into a Preparietal area (BA5 with subdivisions) and a Superior parietal area (BA7 with subdivisions; see Scheperjans F, Eickhoff SB, Mohlberg H, et al. 2008 Probabilistic maps, cytoarchitectonic morphometry, and variability of areas in human superior parietal cortex. Cereb Cortex 18:2141-2157).
6012
See note # 6006
6019
The Gyrus temporalis superior (Superior temporal gyrus; BA22) is not a homogeneous cortical area; it contains various cytoarchitectonically and functionally distinct cortical areas. Its Pars anterior (Anterior part or Belt area) forms the Secondary auditory cortex (BA42 or A2; see Morosan P, Rademacher J, Schleicher A, et al. 2001 Human primary auditory cortex: Cytoarchitecture, subdivisions and mapping into a spatial reference system. Neuroimage 13:684-701; Zilles and Amunts 2012). Its Pars posterior (Posterior part or Wernicke's area) is a loosely defined region which comprises the Posterior part of BA22 but also parts of the Inferior parietal lobule.
6020
See note # 6019
6021
The Dorsal part of the Gyrus temporalis superior contains three Sulci temporales transversi (Transverse temporal sulci): the Planum polare (Polar plane) is separated from the Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl by the Sulcus temporalis transversus anterior (Anterior transverse temporal sulcus), the Gyri temporales transversi (Transverse temporal gyri) are subdivided by the Sulcus temporalis transversus intermedius (Intermediate transverse temporal sulcus), and the Planum temporale (Temporal plane) is separated from the Posterior transverse temporal gyrus by the Sulcus temporalis transversus posterior (Posterior transverse temporal sulcus or Heschl's sulcus; see Duvernoy 1992).
6024
See note # 6021
6029
For the Inferomedial aspect of the Temporal lobe, usually the terms Gyrus temporalis inferior (T3), Gyrus fusiformis (T4) and Gyrus parahippocampalis (T5) are used, separated by the Occipitotemporal and the Collateral sulci.
6030
See note # 9188
6052
The following Gyri orbitales can be distinguished: 1) the Gyrus orbitalis medialis, the gyrus between the olfactory sulcus and the medial orbital sulcus; 2) the Gyrus orbitalis anterior, the cortex rostral to the transverse orbital sulcus; 3) the Gyrus orbitalis posterior, the cortex caudal to the transverse orbital sulcus; and 4) the Gyrus orbitalis lateralis, the gyrus lateral to the lateral orbital sulcus. The caudal parts of the medial and posterior orbital gyri merge to form the Lobulus orbitalis posteromedialis as described by Türe U, Yasargil DCH, Al-Mefti O, Yasargil MC (1999 Topographic anatomy of the insular region. J Neurosurg 90:720-733) and Naidich TP, Kang E, Fatterpekar GM, et al. (2004 The insula: Anatomic study and MR imaging display at 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 25:222-232). Mai and Majtanik (2017 Human Brain in Standard MNI Space. Academic/Elsevier, San Diego) also described a Regio orbitalis posterolateralis.
6053
Lateral to the Sulcus olfactorius, there are two longitudinally directed sulci, the Sulcus orbitalis medialis and the Sulcus orbitalis lateralis, which are joined together by the Sulcus orbitalis transversus to form the impression of an H or a K pattern (Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). The cingulate sulcus continues around the rostrum of the corpus callosum, where it is also known as the Sulcus rostralis superior. This sulcus may continue as the Sulcus rostralis inferior, which separates the straight gyrus from the medial surface of the frontal lobe.
6067
The Gyrus cingularis (Cingulate gyrus) can at least be divided into an Anterior, a Posterior and a Retrosplenial part. Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallagher N (2012 Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 943-987) added a Midcingulate cortex.
6069
See note # 8762
6071
The Uncus is treated in various ways: 1) as the rostral part of the Parahippocampal gyrus; 2) as a structure on its own. TNA suggests the latter. Insausti R and Amaral DG (2012 Hippocampal formation. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 896-942) advocated to restrict the term Uncus to the Gyrus uncinatus, the Band or limbus of Giacomini and the Gyrus intralimbicus (or Uncal apex). The Sulcus semianularis (Semi-anular sulcus) separates the Ambient and Semilunar sulci (see Duvernoy HM 1992, 1998 The Human Hippocampus, 2nd ed. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York). The Gyrus uncinatus is the most rostral part of Uncal bulge, according to Insausti and Amaral (2012) and part of field CA1. The Limbus fasciae dentatae (Band of dentate gyrus) is the Middle part of the Uncus, first described by Giacomini CH (1884 Fascia dentata du grand hippocampe dans le cerveau de l'homme. Arch Ital Biol 5:1-16, 205-209, 396-417) and part of the Dentate gyrus. The Gyrus intralimbicus (Intralimbic gyrus or Uncal apex) is the most caudal part of the Uncal bulge and part of field CA3.
6125
The Archicortex includes the Hippocampus (Ammon's horn, Dentate gyrus and Subiculum), Presubiculum, Parasubiculum, Entorhinal cortex, Retrosplenial cortex and a cortical band in the Cingulate gyrus (Stephan 1975; Zilles K, Amunts K 2012 Architecture of the cerebral cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 836-895).
6126
The Paleocortex includes the Olfactory bulb, Retrobulbar region ('Anterior olfactory nucleus'), Olfactory tubercle, Septal and Piriform (BA51) regions and a minor part of the Amygdala (Stephan 1975; Zilles and Amunts 2012).
6128
The Allocortex includes the Paleocortex and the Archicortex (Filimonoff IN 1947 A rational subdivision of the cerebral cortex. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 58:296-311; Stephan H 1975 Allocortex. In: Bargmann W (ed) Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen, Vol 4: Nervensystem, Band 9. Springer).
6129
The Mesocortex (Rose M 1927 Der Allocortex bei Tier und Mensch. I. Teil. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 34:1-11) comprises the Proisocortex, a transition area between the Isocortex and the Allocortex, and the Periallocortex, the adjoining part of the Allocortex (Filimonoff 1947); also known as Paralimbic cortex (Mesulam 1985). The Periallocortex can further be subdivided into the Peripaleocortex (Claustrum) and the Periarchicortex (Entorhinal, Presubicular and Retrosplenial cortices and part of the Cingulate gyrus; Filimonoff 1947; Zilles and Amunts 2012).
6167
Under this Heading the structures presented in TA as Substantia basalis, Substantia innominata and Area septalis are grouped. Reichert's 'Substantia innominata' was for a long time a 'terra incognita' of the Basal forebrain. The extensive studies by Heimer and colleagues (Heimer L, Harlan RE, Alheid GF, et al. 1997 Substantia innominata: A notion which impedes clinico-anatomical correlations in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroscience 76:957-1006; Heimer et al. 1999; Sakamoto et al. 1999) make the term SI more or less superfluous.
6168
The Nuclei of the Corpus amygdaloideum (Amygdaloid body) are replaced into groups following de Olmos JS (2004 Amygdala. In Paxinos G, Mai JK, eds: The Human Nervous System, 2nd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 739-868) and Mai JK, Paxinos G, Voss T (2008 Atlas of the Human Brain, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam).
6182
See note # 8686
6185
The Nucleus striae terminalis (Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis) can be subdivided into various subnuclei, the best known are the Lateral and Medial divisions (see Heimer L, de Olmos J, Alheid GF, et al. 1999 The human basal forebrain, Part 1. Handb Chem Neuroanatomy 15:57-226; Sakamoto N, Pearson J, Shinoda K, Alheid GF 1999 The human basal forebrain, Part 1. Handb Chem Neuroanat 15:1-55).
6187
Traditionally, the Claustrum is divided into a Dorsal (Insular) claustrum, connected with the Isocortex, and a Ventral (Piriform) claustrum or Endopiriform nucleus, connected with the Allocortex (see Druga R 2014 The structure and connections of the claustrum. In: Smythies JR, Edelstein LR, Ramachandran VS, eds: The Claustrum, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 29-84).
6230
The Subpallium develops from four Developmental domains (see Puelles L, Harrison M, Paxinos G, Watson C 2013 A developmental ontology for the mammalian brain based on the prosomeric model. Trends Neurosci 36:570-578). Traditionally, the Preoptic area is discussed together with the Hypothalamus. The Amygdala arises from all four Subpallial domains as well as from the Pallium ventrale.
6254
The Pars retrolentiformis of the Internal capsule should be treated as a separate component, not as part of the Posterior limb; Crus retrolentiforme suggested as synonym. The Pars sublentiformis also forms a separate component of the Internal capsule; Crus sublentiforme suggested as synonym.
6259
See note # 6254
6267
The Capsula extrema (Extreme capsule) forms one of the Long association systems involved in language processing (see Catani M, Thiebaut de Schotten M 2012 Atlas of Human Brain Connections. Oxford University Press, Oxford).
6269
Although in the Fasciculus arcuatus (Arcuate fasciculus) three segments (anterior, long and posterior) were distinguished (Cayani M, Jones DK, ffytche DH 2005 Perisylvian language pathways. Ann Neurol 57:8-16), more recent research showed that the anterior segment belongs to the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the posterior segment is in reality separate and was renamed Fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis (temporoparietal vertical or aslant tract), leaving the long segment as the true arcuate fasciculus (Fernandez-Miranda JC, Wang Y, Pathak S, et al. 2015 Asymmetry, connectivity, and segmentation of the arcuate fascicle in the human brain. Brain Struct Funct 220:3665-3680)
6272
The Fasciculus longitudinalis superior (Superior longitudinal fasciculus) appears to be composed of three bundles (SLFI-III or Superior, Middle and Inferior; Makris N, Kennedy DN, McInerney S, et al. 2005 Segmentation of subcomponents within the superior longitudinal fascicle in humans: A quantitative, in vivo, DT-MRI study. Cereb Cortex 15:854-869) as in monkeys (Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN 2006 Fiber Pathways of the Brain. Oxford University Press, New York; Thiebaut de Schotten M, Dell'Acqua F, Valabreque R, Catani M 2012 Monkey to human comparative anatomy of the frontal lobe association tracts. Cortex 48:82-96).
6273
Here, the new nomenclature for the long association fibres of the cerebrum is advocated as proposed by Mandonnet E, Sarubbo S, Petit L (2018 The nomenclature of human white matter association pathways: Proposal for a systematic taxonomic anatomical classification. Front Neuroanat 12:94).
6274
The Fibrae U-figuratae (U-shaped fibres) were first described by Meynert (1872), and replaced the term Fibrae arcuatae cerebri (Arnold 1838) that became obsolete.
6278
Recently, the Fasciculus temporoparietalis verticalis (Temporoparietal aslant tract) was demonstrated, replacing the vertical segment of the arcuate fasciculus (Panesar SS, Belo JT, Yeh F-C, Fernandez-Miranda JC 2019 Structure, asymmetry, and connectivity of the human temporo-parietal asland and vertical occipital fasciculi. Brain Struct Funct 224:907-923; see also 6273).
6286
(Commissura hippocampi): The old term Psalterium has been added; much in use by clinicians; for a study on the cells of origin of commissural connections of the monkey hippocampal formation, see Amaral DG, Insausti R, Cowan WM (1984) The commissural connections of the monkey hippocampal formation. J Comp Neurol 224:307-336.
8539
The Via endofolialis (Endfolial pathway) is composed of Hilar Schaffer collaterals from CA3h (see Lim C, Mufson EJ, Kordower JH, et al. 1997 Connections of the hippocampal formation in humans. II. The endfolial pathway. J Comp Neurol 385:352-371).
8624
The Nucleus preopticus ventrolateralis is a recently discovered Preoptic nucleus, a sleep-promoting nucleus (Saper CB, Chou TC, Scammell TE 2001 The sleep switch: Hypothalamic control of sleep and wakefulness. Trends Neurosci 24:726-731).
8659
The Sulcus frontomarginalis (Frontomarginal sulcus of Wernicke) is an important landmark in the frontal polar region (Duvernoy HM 1992 Le cerveau humain. Springer, Paris; Tamraz JC, Comair YG 2006 Atlas of Regional Anatomy of the Brain Using MRI. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York), and used as such in the DTI literature (Catani M, Thiebaut de Schotten M 2012 Atlas of Human Brain Connections. Oxford University Press, Oxford).
8663
The various Motor areas of the Frontal lobe are known as F1-F7 in monkey brains (see Geyer G, Luppino L, Rozzi G 2012 Motor cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1012-1035): F1 is the Primary motor cortex, F2 the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius dorsalis, F3, the the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius medialis (SMA proper), F4 the Caudal part of the Cortex premotorius ventralis, F5 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius ventralis, F6 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius medialis (Pre-SMA), and F7 the Rostral part of the Cortex premotorius dorsalis.
8664
See note # 8663
8665
See note # 8663
8666
Usually, the Sulcus centralis does not reach the Sulcus lateralis and is separated from it by a short gyrus, the Gyrus subcentralis, which is formed by the 'fusion' of the Precentral and Postcentral gyri in their ventralmost parts. The Subcentral gyrus is delimited in front and behind by the Anterior and Posterior subcentral sulci (Dejerine 1895; Duvernoy 1992; Petrides and Pandya 2012). Also known as: Central or Rolandic operculum, and Inferior frontoparietal 'pli de passage'.
8667
See note # 8666
8668
See note # 8666
8671
See note # 8663
8672
See note # 8663
8675
See note # 6052
8676
See note # 6052
8677
See note # 6052
8678
See note # 6052
8679
See note # 6053
8680
See note # 6053
8681
See note # 6053
8686
The term Nucleus olfactorius anterior of TA is mostly cortical and is replaced by the more appropriate term Regio retrobulbaris (see Zilles and Amunts 2012). The two- or three-layered structure recognizable in lower primates is hardly visible in the human brain.
8706
See note # 6019
8708
See note # 6019
8714
The Cortex ectorhinalis (BA36) is often included as part of the Perirhinal cortex (Ding S-L, Van Hoesen GW 2010 Borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal cortex as revealed using multiple modern neuroanatomical and pathological markers. Hum Brain Mapp 31:1359-1379) but lies on the other side of the Collateral sulcus.
8719
The Cortex perirhinalis (Perirhinal cortex) is also not included in TA; for description, see Augustinack JC, Huber KE, Stevens AA, et al. (2013 Predicting the location of human perirhinal cortex, Brodmann's area 35, from MRI. Neuroimage 64:32-42).
8724
Field CA4 appears to correspond most closely to the polymorph zone of the Dentate gyrus, and, therefore, is not a field of the Hippocampus at all. Amaral and Insausti (Amaral DG, Insausti R 1990 Hippocampal formation. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 711-755) suggested the term 'CA3h' for the pyramidal cells within the hilus ('h'), continuous with CA3.
8734
See note # 6071
8735
See note # 6071
8736
See note # 6071
8737
See note # 6071
8738
See note # 6071
8739
In the French literature, for the Inner ring of the Limbic lobe the term Gyrus intralimbicus is used. In the German literature, however, this term is used for the Uncal apex.
8740
The Cortex entorhinalis (Entorhinal cortex) is not included in TA; for description, see Braak H, Braak E (1992 The human entorhinal cortex: Normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in various diseases. Neurosci Res 15:6-31. The Substantia reticularis alba (White reticular substance of Arnold) is the white matter surrounding the darker patches of Layer 2 cell islands. The Verrucae hippocampi (Hippocampal warts) are located above these cell islands and described by Retzius G (1896 Das Menschenhirn: Studien in der makroskopischen Morphologie. Norstedt, Stockholm) and Klingler J (1948 Die makroskopische Anatomie der Ammonsformation. Denkschr Schweiz Naturforsch Ges, Vol 78, Fretz, Zürich). They mark the surface of the Entorhinal cortex.
8742
See note # 8740
8756
The Sulcus intrarhinalis (Intrarhinal sulcus) is found between the Ambient gyrus and the Entorhinal cortex (see Duvernoy 1992; Insausti and Amaral 2012).
8757
See note # 8762
8762
The Dentes subiculi (Gyri of Andreas Retzius) were described by Retzius (1896) for the Caudal part of CA1 at the Hippocampal tail; the term Gyri subspleniales (Subsplenial gyri) indicate their position. Deep to the Gyri andreae retzii, two obliquely oriented small gyri are found (Duvernoy 1998; Insausti and Amaral 2012): 1) a medial gyrus: the Fasciola cinerea, which forms the visible part of the Dentate gyrus as descibed by Giacomini (1884) and Klingler (1948); and 2) a lateral gyrus: Gyrus fasciolaris (Fasciolar gyrus), corresponding to the caudal end of the CA3 field.
8768
The Cortex perirhinalis (Perirhinal cortex; BA35) and the Transentorhinal subregion of Braak and Braak (1992) are somewhat synonymous terms (Augustinack JC, Huber KE, Stevens AA, et al. 2013 Predicting the location of human perirhinal cortex, Brodmann's area 35, from MRI. Neuroimage 64:32-42). In other studies (Ding S-L, Van Hoesen GW 2010 Borders, extent, and topography of human perirhinal cortex as revealed using multiple modern neuroanatomical and pathological markers. Hum Brain Mapp 31:1359-1379), BA 36 is included within the Perirhinal cortex. This is unfortunate since BA35 is periarchicortex but BA36 (Ectorhinal cortex) is truly isocortex. The Layers of BA35 are comparable to those of the adjacent Entorhinal cortex.
8780
See note # 5996
8781
The Sulcus intermedius primus (First intermediate sulcus of Jensen) may subdivide the Lobulus parietalis inferior into the Gyrus supramarginalis and the Gyrus angularis (Duvernoy 1992; Tamraz and Comair 2006). The Sulcus intermedius secundus (Second intermediate sulcus of Eberstaller) is found posterior to Jensen's sulcus.
8782
See note # 8781
8793
See note # 5972
8797
The large cholinergic neurons of the Striatum were originally described as Giant interneurons by Kölliker. Three types of GABAergic striatal interneurons can be distinguished, based on size and the colocalization of Parvalbumin, Somatostatin/NPY and Calretinin (Bolam 2010; Haber et al. 2012).
8798
See note # 5972
8820
Mainly GABAergic interneurons (see Markram H, Toledo-Rodriguez M, Wang Y, et al. 2004 Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:793-807; Ascoli GA et al. 2008 Petilla terminology: Nomenclature of features of GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci 9:557-568; DeFelipe J et al. 2013 New insights into the classification and nomenclature of cortical GABAergic interneurons. Nat Rev Neurosci 14:202-216); the current subdivision is based on preferred postsynaptic region.
8826
See note # 5972
8827
See note # 5972
8830
Functional subdivision of the Isocortex as described by Mesulam M-M (1985 Patterns in behavioral neuroanatomy. In: Mesulam M-M, ed: Principles of Behavioral Neurology. Davis, Philadelphia, PN, pp 1-70). The Granular isocortex ranges from Hypergranular through Granular to Dysgranular.
9122
The Lobulus parietalis superior may be divided into an anterior and a posterior portion by the Sulcus parietalis transversus (Transverse parietal sulcus of Brissaud), originating on the medial side and extending to the lateral side of the hemisphere (see Tamraz and Comair 2006).
9135
Here, the Isocortical neurons are added, in part following and modifying TH terms. They are subdivided into Pyramidal neurons (Projection, Commissural nand Association eurons) and Excitatory and Inhibitory interneurons. In general, Small pyramidal neurons are found in Layer II and give rise to ipsilateral Corticocortical projections. Medium-sized pyramidal neurons are found in Layer III and give rise to Commissural projections. The Large pyramidal neurons in Layer V give rise to the Corticofugal projections (Mountcastle VB 1998 The Cerebral Cortex. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
9180
The Pallium laterale gives rise to the Claustro-insular complex (see Puelles L 2014 Development and evolution of the claustrum. In: Smythies JR, Edelstein LR, Ramachandran VS, eds: The Claustrum, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 119-176).
9188
The Insula is composed of three Belt regions (see Mesulam M-M and Mufson EJ (1985 The insula of Reil in man and monkey. Architectonics, connectivity and function. In: Peters A, Jones EG, eds, Cerebral Cortex, Vol 4, Plenum Press, New York, pp 179-226): 1) The Cortex insularis agranularis (Agranular insular cortex, where Layers II and IV are lacking) in the Anterior insula is characterized by a Superficial pyramidal layer and an Inner cell layer, continuous with the Pyramidal layer of the Piriform cortex. Here, the recently rediscovered von Economo neurons (VENs) are found (see Allman JM, Tetreault NA, Hakeem AY, et al. 2011 The von Economo neurons in fronto-insular and anterior cingulate cortex. Ann NY Acad Sci 1225:59-71). 2) The Cortex insularis dysgranularis (Dysgranular insular cortex), a Proisocortical region characterized by the presence of an inconspicuous Inner granular layer IV. Layers V and VI are also not as clearly separated from each other as in true isocortex. 3) The Cortex insularis granularis (Granular insular cortex), a posterior granular region with clearly visible Inner (layer IV) and Outer (layer II) granular layers (True isocortex; see also Zilles and Amunts 2012).
9223
See note # 9188
9227
See note # 9188
9305
The classic Golgi studies by Cajal (Ramón y Cajal S 1909-1911 Histologie du système nerveux de l'homme et des vertébrés. Maloine, Paris) and Lorente de Nó R (1934 Studies on the structure of the cerebral cortex. II. Continuation of the study of the ammonic system. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 46:113-177) showed the presence of some 20 different types of interneurons in the Hippocampus. Most of them have been immunohistochemically defined (see Freund TF, Buzsaki G 1996 Interneurons of the hippocampus. Hippocampus 6:347-470; Somogyi P 2010 Hippocampus: Intrinsic organization. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuitry. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 148-164). Some 28 types of GABAergic interneurons can be distinguished (Somogyi 2010), basically: Basket neurons, Bistratified neurons, and Chandelier neurons.
9368
There are many types of Short-axon cells described by among others Blanes, Cajal (Vertical cell), Golgi and Van Gehuchten (Mori K 1987) Membrane and synaptic properties of identified neurons in the olfactory bulb. Prog Neurobiol 29:275-430; Shepherd GM, Chen WR, Greer CA 2004 Olfactory bulb. In: Shepherd GM, ed: The Synaptic Organization of the Brain, 5th ed. Oxford Uniersity Press, New York, pp 165-216). As in TH, these cells are not included.
9417
In the Cortex entorhinalis (Entorhinal cortex), Insausti et al. (Insausti R, Tuñón T, Sobreviela T, et al. 1995 The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis. J Comp Neurol 355:171-198) distinguished 8 subfields (EO, ER, ELR, EMI, EI, ELC, EC and ECL). For the layers of the Entorhinal cortex, the subdivision by Insausti and Amaral (2012) into six Laminae is advocated. To avoid confusion with isocortical layers, here, arabic numerals are used as in the literature. TH Latin and English terms (H4.8.03.104/114) are added. For Layers 2 and 3, the general term External principal layer is advocated, for Layer 5 Internal principal layer, following Braak H, Braak E (1992 The human entorhinal cortex: Normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in various diseases. Neurosci Res 15:6-31). Layer 2 is made up of islands of relatively large and darkly stained modified pyramidal and stellate cells (Braak and Braak 1992: Pre-a). Layer 3 corresponds to layers Pre-ß and Pre-? of Braak and Braak (1992). The layers Pre-a, Pre-ß and Pre-? form their External principal layer. Layer 5 corresponds to the Internal principal layer with sublayers Pri-a, Pri-ß and Pri-? of Braak and Braak (1992).
9433
The complex Cortex retrosplenialis (Retrosplenial cortex) consists of Periarchicortical (BA26) and Proisocortical (BA29, 30) areas (Braak H 1980 Architectonics of the Human Telencephalic Cortex. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York; Zilles and Amunts 2012). The TH nomenclature (H4.8.03.122/129) seems to combine these different structures. The Cortex ectosplenialis (Ectosplenial cortex; BA26) has a primitive three-laminar pattern with Molecular, Densocellular and Multiform layers. The Cortex retrosplenialis granularis (Granular retrosplenial cortex; BA29) shows a four-layered structure: Molecular, External and Internal pyramidal and Multiform layers. The Cortex retrosplenialis dysgranularis (Dysgranular retrosplenial cortex; BA 30) shows a further progression of laminar differentiation with an additional (Internal) granular layer.
9454
For further subdivision of the Cortex cingularis (Cingulate cortex) with Layers, see Vogt BA, Palomero-Gallager N (2012) Cingulate cortex. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 934-987.
9459
This term, introduced in 1684 by Vieussens as 'Centrum ovale' to indicate the oval shape of the Cerebral white matter, continuous with the Internal capsule, was later changed into Centrum semiovale by Flatau E (1894 Atlas des menschlichen Gehirns und des Faserverlaufes. Karger, Berlin) and others. In the clinical literature, this term is common usage. It was included by His and colleagues in the BNA.
9508
The Pedunculus temporalis (Temporal peduncle) forms the connection between the temporal and frontal lobes and contains: (1) the Fasciculus occipitofrontalis inferior (Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus); and (2) the Fasciculus uncinatus cerebri (Uncinate fasciculus).
9509
The Fasciculus subcallosus (Subcallosal fasciculus or Bundle of Muratoff; Muratoff W 1893 Secundäre Degenerationen nach Durchschneidung des Balkens. Neurol Centralbl 12:714-729) forms a separate bundle of Corticostriatal fibres (see Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN 2007 The complex history of the fronto-occipital fasciculus. J Hist Med 16:362-377).
9510
The Fasciculus frontalis obliquus (Frontal aslant tract or Frontal oblique tract) connects the SMA and pre-SMA with the opercular part of the Inferior frontal gyrus (Catani M, Dell'Acqua F, Vergani F, et al. 2012 Short frontal lobe connections of the human brain. Cortex 48:273-291).
9583
De Olmos (de Olmos J 1990 Amygdala. In: Paxinos G, ed: The Human Nervous System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp 583-710) introduced the term 'Olfactory amygdala' for the 'Superficial cortex-like amygdaloid region' (Yilmazer-Hanke DM 2012 Amygdala. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 759-834).
9840
The Striatum and Putamen consist of AChE-poor Striosomes within an AChE-rich matrix (Graybiel AM, Ragsdale CW Jr 1978 Histochemically distinct compartments in the striatum of human, monkey and cat demonstrated by acetylthiocholinesterase staining. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5723-5726; Graybiel AM 1990 Neurotransmitters and modulators in the basal ganglia. Trends Neurosci 13:244-254).
9844
The term Fundus striati points to the ventral parts of the Caudate nucleus and Putamen, that with the Nucleus accumbens and the Olfactory tubercle form the Ventral Striatum.
9852
For Golgi studies see Braak H, Braak E (1982 Neuronal types in the striatum of man. Cell Tissue Res 227:319-342), and Graveland GA, Williams RS, DiFiglia M (1985 A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: Neurons and afferent fibers. J Comp Neurol 234:317-333); for immunohistochemical and physiological data see Bolam JP (2010 Microcircuits of the striatum. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuits. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 109-119) and Haber SN, Adler A, Bergman H (2012 The basal ganglia. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 678-838).
12155
In the Regio periamygdaloidea (Periamygdaloid region) according to Brockhaus H (1940 Zur normalen und pathologischen Anatomie des Mandelkerngebietes. J Psychol Neurol (Lpz) 49:1-136) and Stephan (1975) only two layers can be distinguished.
12158
Frequently, a series of furrows delineates the Sulcus paracinguli (Paracingulate sulcus), which separates the medial division of the superior frontal gyrus from the Gyrus paracinguli (Paracingulate gyrus).
12159
See note # 12158
12160
See note # 6052
12161
See note # 6052
12162
See note # 6053
12163
See note # 6053
12168
TH subdivision into six layers (H4.8.03.115/121) suggested a well-divided structure. Insausti and Amaral (2012) emphasized that the laminar organization of the Presubiculum is complex and only poorly understood. They described a single, superficially located cellular layer made up of External and Internal principal layers. Their subdivision is followed here.
Signature
Type of list P3F
List Unit Identifier 5264
Sublist 1 5972 pallium 14/5 on 31.1.2025
Sublist 2 5991 lobus frontalis 223/80 on 12.12.2020
Sublist 3 6004 lobus parietalis 50/21 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 4 6013 lobus occipitalis 55/20 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 5 6017 lobus temporalis 82/31 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 6 6030 insula 44/15 on 27.3.2019
Sublist 7 6066 lobus limbicus 137/48 on 3.4.2019
Sublist 8 6077 corpus callosum 4/5 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 9 6098 septum pellucidum 4/3 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 10 6125 archicortex 121/48 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 11 6126 paleocortex 122/41 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 12 6129 mesocortex 101/34 on 12.12.2020
Sublist 13 6130 isocortex 188/63 on 31.1.2025
Sublist 14 6167 pars basalis telencephal proprius 90/33 on 1.4.2025
Sublist 15 6168 corpus amygdaloideum 84/31 on 31.3.2025
Sublist 16 6216 nucleus basalis 162/69 on 2.2.2025
Sublist 17 6230 subpallium 12/5 on 9.3.2019
Sublist 18 9180 complexus claustroinsularis 29/10 on 19.4.2018
Sublist 19 9449 substantia alba hemispherii cerebri 117/98 on 31.3.2025
Sublist 20 12438 gyrus interlobaris 29/10 on 14.3.2020
Sublist 21 13176 sulcus interlobaris 45/16 on 14.3.2020
Subtotals subchildren 1713 subunits 686
Proper children 63
Number of children 1776 (validated)
Proper units 17
Number of units 703 (validated)
Signature 13166 (validated since 13.12.2020)
Date: 04.04.2025